100+ UK energy statistics 2025
It’s recently been a volatile time for UK household energy prices. Many households have endured unprecedented price hikes since 2020, largely due to COVID-19, the cost of living crisis, and the ongoing conflict in Ukraine.
Our research has enabled us to gather more than 100 UK energy statistics for 2025, to reveal industry trends, household consumption figures, and what the future looks like for UK household energy bills.
Top 10 UK energy statistics 2025
- The Q4 2025 energy price cap is 2.03% higher than the previous quarter.
- Octopus Energy has overtaken British Gas to become the biggest domestic electricity supplier in the UK.
- As of 2024, prepayment customers pay the least for their electricity, with a bill 10.84% lower than standard credit and 7.93% lower than Direct Debit.
- The fixed cost of electricity is the most expensive in the North East, 19.29% higher than the UK average.
- The highest electricity bills can be found in Merseyside and North Wales, with an average annual bill of £1,121.
- The average fixed cost of gas in the UK is just over £109, with those in the most expensive area, London, paying 5.56% more than the average.
- Residents in the South West pay the most for their gas, with an average annual bill of £831, 2.09% higher than the British average.
- One in 10 English households live in fuel poverty.
- In 2024, oil accounted for 45.43% of the UK’s total energy consumption.
- Transport consumes the most energy in the UK, accounting for over two-fifths of total consumption.
UK energy market statistics
Recent energy statistics found that Octopus Energy has overtaken British Gas to become the biggest electricity supplier in the UK. The renewable energy group, founded in 2015, accounts for almost a quarter of the domestic electricity market.
Market share of UK domestic electricity suppliers in Q1 2025
British Gas has the second-greatest market share. Accounting for a fifth of the domestic electricity market, the company has held this share since Q3 2024.
This share represents a 20% drop from the company’s peak of 25% (Q4 2010-Q3 2012, Q3 2013).
The six biggest electricity companies in the UK, referred to as ‘the big six,’ account for 91.2% of the domestic electricity market.
How much is the UK energy market worth?
According to the latest UK energy market statistics from Energy UK, economic activity through the energy sector and its supply chain generated £258 billion in 2024. This activity supports 1.48 million jobs, representing around one in 25 UK jobs.
Further, £13 billion was invested in the UK energy sector throughout 2024, with £100 billion set to be invested in new energy sources over the next decade.
UK energy mix statistics
UK energy mix statistics showcase how much the sources of UK energy have changed over time. In 1990, coal was the main source of UK electricity, generating almost three-quarters of all UK energy. By contrast, oil and gas made up under 6.5%, while wind, solar, and other renewables didn’t account for any of the UK’s electricity production.
Percentage of electricity generated by different fuel types (1990, 2023, and 2024)
| Fuel type | 1990 | 2023 | 2024 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Coal | 71.91 | 1.29 | 0.7 |
| Oil and other fuels* | 6.47 | 3.81 | 4.18 |
| Gas | 0.13 | 34.61 | 30.42 |
| Nuclear | 19.77 | 13.8 | 14.25 |
| Hydro | 1.75 | 1.87 | 2.04 |
| Wind and solar | N/A | 32.91 | 34.28 |
| Other renewables | N/A | 11.73 | 14.14 |
| Total terawatt-hour (TWh) | 319.7 | 294.1 | 285 |
| *Includes generation from pumped storage. | |||
| Note: Figures do not add up to 100% due to rounding. | |||
| (Source: Department for Energy Security and Net Zero) |
Between 1990 and 2023, the proportion of electricity generated by coal significantly decreased, falling by 98.21%. Meanwhile, the proportion of electricity generated by renewable energy sources (including hydro, wind and solar, and other renewables) increased to 46.51%.
While the UK energy market continued its move away from coal between 2023 and 2024, there was a 10% increase in electricity generated from oil, another non-renewable energy source.
In 2024, the UK generated 10.85% less electricity than in 1990, with over a third of this energy generated by wind and solar power.
What is the average energy bill in the UK?
Average energy bill by house size and usage
Statistics on energy usage show that the size of a property and the number of people living in it can have a significant bearing on gas and electricity bills. Properties with just one or two tenants typically pay £1,203 a year for pay as you go, which is just over half of what a property with four to five residents pays.
Average gas and electricity bill by house size
In terms of average annual consumption, smaller properties typically use 7,500 kWh of gas and 1,800 kWh of electricity each year, which represents 42.86% and 43.9%, respectively, of a large property’s usage. Despite only using just over two-fifths of the energy and gas used by larger properties, those living in these smaller units pay around half as much.
UK energy price cap latest
The energy price cap is a UK government legislation first introduced in January 2019. It is designed to regulate how much consumers pay for energy. Ofgem, the government regulatory body for gas and electricity, reviews the cap regularly.
Under the scheme, Ofgem is required to determine the maximum price that suppliers can charge consumers for each kilowatt-hour (kWh) of energy they use, with the cap changing to reflect the costs of wholesale energy.
Between 1 October and 31 December 2025, the typical amount a household can pay for a dual fuel energy bill paid via Direct Debit is £1,755 a year. This represents a 2.03% increase in the energy price cap from the previous quarter.
Previously, record wholesale prices had seen the price cap exceed £4,000. In response to this, the UK government introduced the Energy Price Guarantee in October 2022, a subsidy that ensured households would pay no higher than £2,500 per year on energy.
Average UK electricity cost statistics
Average UK electricity bill by type of payment
As of 2024, standard credit electricity bills cost the most on average, at over £1,100 per year.
Average UK electricity bill by type of payment
| Year | Standard credit: All tariffs (pounds) | Direct Debit: All tariffs (pounds) | Prepayment: All tariffs (pounds) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2014 | 572 | 527 | 575 |
| 2015 | 569 | 517 | 571 |
| 2016 | 567 | 507 | 565 |
| 2017 | 611 | 548 | 564 |
| 2018 | 662 | 597 | 593 |
| 2019 | 717 | 649 | 666 |
| 2020 | 719 | 654 | 686 |
| 2021 | 781 | 717 | 742 |
| 2022 | 1,167 | 1,095 | 1,067 |
| 2023 | 1,262 | 1,206 | 1,187 |
| 2024 | 1,107 | 1,072 | 987 |
| (Source: Department for Energy Security and Net Zero) |
(Source: Department for Energy Security and Net Zero)
Customers on a prepayment plan pay the least for their electricity. With an average annual bill of £987, the customers pay 10.84% less than those on standard credit, and 7.93% less than those who pay using Direct Debit.
The average UK electricity bill more than doubled between 2014 and 2023 across all payment types. Electricity bills paid by Direct Debit instalment increased by 128.84%, while standard credit bills rose by 120.63% and prepayment bills by 106.43%.
Between 2023 and 2024, the average electricity bill decreased across all payment types. Prepayment bills fell by 16.85%, standard credit bills by 12.28%, and Direct Debit by 11.11%.
Average electricity bill in the UK countries
Data from the Department of Energy Security and Net Zero shows that Scotland has the highest average electricity bill of all the UK nations.
Although households in Scotland pay the most for electricity each year, the difference between nations is negligible (0.47% higher than England and Wales, and 0.85% higher than Northern Ireland).
Average electricity bill in each UK nation
Source: Department for Energy Security and Net Zero
While the average electricity bill rose across all nations between 2022 and 2023, it then fell in England and Wales, and Scotland in 2024. The average bill decreased by 12.19% in England and Wales, and 15.13% in Scotland, but in Northern Ireland, households paid 2.02% more on average than they did the previous year.
Average fixed cost for electricity by region of Great Britain
The Department for Energy Security and Net Zero uses PES (Public Electricity Suppliers) areas. These refer to the geographic areas of the UK electricity market, established as a result of the Energy Act 1989. While they don’t align exactly with the regions of the UK, they remain a good general indicator for regional comparison.
UK electricity market price statistics show that households in the North East had the highest fixed bill in 2024. With an annual fixed cost of £236.37, North Eastern households pay nearly a fifth (19.29%) more than the UK average.
Average annual fixed cost of electricity across GB regions
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Source: Department for Energy Security and Net Zero
Those in London had the lowest average fixed cost in 2024. At around £150, households in London faced an average fixed cost of almost a quarter (24.11%) lower than the UK average.
Which UK region has the most expensive annual electricity bills?
The latest UK energy statistics found that households in Merseyside and North Wales pay the most for their electricity each year. With an average annual cost of £1,121, this area is the only UK region with an average annual bill above £1,100
Average annual electricity bill by region in the UK
Source: Department for Energy Security and Net Zero
North Scotland is the second most expensive region in the UK for electricity bills, with average costs of £1,089 per year (only around 2.85% less than Merseyside and North Wales).
Households in the East Midlands face the lowest annual electricity bill. At £1,038, residents in this area can expect to pay 2.72% less than the UK average and 7.4% less than in Merseyside and North Wales.
Average gas cost statistics
Average gas bill by type of payment
Between 2014 and 2021, the average gas bill across all payment types remained fairly stable, with each decreasing overall
- Standard credit -16.8%
- Direct Debit -16.25%
- Prepayment -17.99%
Average gas bill by type of payment
| Year | Standard credit: All tariffs (pounds) | Direct Debit: All tariffs (pounds) | Prepayment: All tariffs (pounds) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2014 | 619 | 560 | 617 |
| 2015 | 592 | 528 | 593 |
| 2016 | 549 | 478 | 556 |
| 2017 | 543 | 476 | 497 |
| 2018 | 562 | 492 | 487 |
| 2019 | 562 | 503 | 542 |
| 2020 | 546 | 475 | 534 |
| 2021 | 515 | 469 | 506 |
| 2022 | 1,063 | 912 | 1,024 |
| 2023 | 1,169 | 1,067 | 1,108 |
| 2024 | 860 | 813 | 764 |
| Source: Department for Energy Security and Net Zero |
Between 2021 and 2022, the average gas bill across all payment types sharply increased, with both standard credit and prepayment customers facing annual bills of over £1,000.
This trend continued into 2023, with further rises of 9.97% for standard credit, 17% for Direct Debit, and 8.2% for prepayment.
As of 2024, the average gas bill is trending back down, with all payment types below £900. Prepayment customers currently have the lowest average bill, a change from the usual pattern of Direct Debit savings.
Average gas bill across UK countries
The data shows that residents in Scotland typically pay slightly less for their gas than those in England and Wales.
Average gas bill of each country in Great Britain
Source: Department for Energy Security and Net Zero
In 2022, those in Scotland paid 1.15% less than those in England and Wales. While this trend reversed in 2023, with Scottish residents paying 0.37% more, as of 2024, the average gas bill has returned to being slightly cheaper (0.74%) in Scotland.
Average unit cost and fixed costs for gas by UK region
As of 2024, the overall average fixed cost of gas in the UK is £108.87, according to gas price market statistics.
The region with the highest average fixed cost is London, where residents pay nearly £115, 7.63% more than those in the cheapest area, Yorkshire, and 5.56% more than the national average.
Average annual fixed cost of gas across GB regions
Source: Department for Energy Security and Net Zero
The UK region with the next highest overall average fixed cost is Eastern England, where residents typically pay just over £112 -1.37% more than their South East neighbours.
Which UK region has the most expensive gas bills?
Recent energy stats found that the South West was the British region with the most expensive gas bills. Residents in this area can expect to pay 2.09% more than the average across Britain.
Average annual gas bill by GB region
Source: Department for Energy Security and Net Zero
As of 2024, residents of north Scotland have the cheapest gas bills. With an annual spend of £797, residents in this area pay 2.09% less than the national average, and 4.09% less than residents in the South West.
Those in the South West pay the most for their annual gas bill. At £831, residents in this area pay 2.09% more than the national average.
UK energy consumption statistics
How much energy does the average UK home use?
According to Ofgem, the average British household has 2.4 people living in it, using 2,700 kWh of electricity and 11,500 kWh of gas on average per year. This typically works out at 225 kWh of electricity and 958 kWh of gas per month.
Total energy consumption by purpose
UK energy consumption statistics show that oil remained the most consumed source of energy in 2024. In all, the UK consumed 58.2 million tonnes of oil in 2024, making up more than two-fifths (45.43%) of all total energy consumption.
The UK’s total energy consumption by purpose
| Energy type | Industry | Transport | Domestic | Services | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coal and manufactured fuels | 0.6 | 0 | 0.2 | 0 | 0.8 |
| Oil | 2.1 | 49.9 | 2.3 | 3.8 | 58.2 |
| Gas | 7.3 | 0.2 | 21.8 | 7.9 | 37.1 |
| Electricity | 7.1 | 1.2 | 8.1 | 7 | 23.4 |
| Bioenergy and heat | 2.4 | 2.5 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 8.5 |
| Total | 19.5 | 54 | 34 | 20.6 | 128.1 |
| Note: Individual figures may not add up to total figures due to source rounding. | |||||
| Source: Department for Energy Security and Net Zero |
Note: Individual figures may not add up to total figures due to source rounding.
Source: Department for Energy Security and Net Zero
Coal and manufactured fuels now make up just 0.62% of all the energy consumed in the UK, a far cry from when it was the dominant energy source back in 1990.
Transport is the leading consumer of energy in the UK. The sector accounts for over two-fifths (42.15%) of the UK’s total energy consumption. Transport is reliant on oil, which contributes 92.41% of its energy source.
Gas is the leading energy source across all other sectors, and contributes 28.96% to the UK’s total energy consumption.
How much has domestic energy consumption changed over time in Britain?
Across all of Great Britain, households have reduced their domestic energy consumption by at least 15%, on average.
Domestic energy consumption over time by GB region
Source: Uswitch via Department for Energy Security and Net Zero
Households in Scotland have reduced their energy consumption the most, at a decrease of nearly a quarter (22.74%). In 2013, Scottish households were the fourth-greatest consumers of electricity, but by 2023, the country had moved down to sixth place.
Across Great Britain, households have reduced their electricity consumption by 17.25%.
UK households in fuel poverty
As of 2024, around one in 10 households in England live in fuel poverty, with an average fuel poverty gap of £407.
Percentage of households in fuel poverty and the average fuel poverty gap across England
Source: Department for Energy Security and Net Zero
The West Midlands has the greatest proportion of households in fuel poverty. At 16.4%, this figure is nearly 50% higher than the English average.
However, the average monetary fuel poverty gap is highest in the East of England. At £512, the gap here is 25.8% greater than the England average.
UK energy statistics FAQs
How much does the UK spend on electricity?
The average annual electricity bill across all UK regions is £1,067, as of 2024.
How much does the UK spend on gas?
As of 2024, the average gas bill in Great Britain is £814.
Are smart meters worth it?
Yes, having a smart meter installed in your home allows you to track your energy consumption in real time. These devices measure how much gas and electricity you’re using via a remote conneciton to your supplier. The main screen of a smart meter will tell you how much energy you’re using in real time, so you can make necessary adjustments to reduce consumption before costs mount up.
What is the energy price cap?
The energy price cap is the maximum amount energy suppliers can charge you for each unit of energy and standing charge if you’re on a standard variable tariff.
What is the current energy price cap rate?
Between October and December 2025, the energy price cap for a dual fuel bill paid via Direct Debit is set at £1,755 annually.
This is a 2.03% increase from the previous quarter’s cap.
How can I reduce my energy bills?
Despite the volatile nature of energy costs, there are an array of everyday changes you can make to keep the costs of your energy bills down. Ensuring that appliances (like televisions, lights, and other electronics) are turned off when you’re not using them might seem simplistic, but this can make a big difference to your overall bill.
Other changes, like monitoring the efficiency of your home and making necessary upgrades to heating appliances, can help ensure your home is wasting less energy and keep your overheads to a minimum.
Finally, installing smart appliances like smart meters can be a great way to track your energy use and ensure you're only using what you need. You can find more info on these changes and many more by visiting our comprehensive guide on energy-saving tips for your home.
UK energy glossary
Bioenergy
Bioenergy is a form of renewable energy that is taken from recently living, organic materials known as biomass, which can be used to produce electricity, heat, transportation fuels, and other products.
Energy Price Cap
The energy price cap is a UK government policy that sets a maximum price for suppliers and how much they can charge consumers for each kilowatt-hour (kWh) of energy they use. The rate of the energy price cap fluctuates to reflect the costs of wholesale energy.
Energy Performance Certificate (EPC)
An energy performance certificate (EPC) is a score provided by an accredited assessor of your home’s energy efficiency. An EPC survey grades your property from A (best) to G (worst), and is valid for 10 years.
Hydroelectric energy
Hydroelectric energy is a form of renewable energy that relies on the power of moving water to generate electricity.
Offshore wind energy
Offshore wind energy is energy taken from the force of winds at sea and converted into electricity via wind farms.
Onshore wind energy
Onshore wind energy is energy generated by wind turbines on land that is generated from the natural movement of air. This energy is then converted into electricity.
Renewable energy
Renewable energy is energy derived from sources that naturally replenish, or renew themselves. Examples of renewable energy sources are wind, solar, and hydropower.
Solar Power
Solar power is an energy resource in which energy is taken from sunlight and converted into electrical energy.
Wholesale energy
Wholesale energy refers to the bulk purchase of energy products by suppliers from energy generators. The wholesale energy purchased by suppliers is then used to provide energy to their customers (e.g. homes and businesses).
Sources and methodology
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https://www.statista.com/statistics/545396/value-electricity-gas-all-consumers-united-kingdom-uk/
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